Lieutenant Peary’s Crossing of Northern Greenland.


From the appearance of the country as mapped one would expect to be able to take a pack-train anywhere, whereas in reality the ruggedness of the country forbids travel even on foot in the greater portion of this region. These are re�sults of the extreme generalization due to the making of maps from photographs. The scale employed might well be reduced, say, to 2 miles to an inch. This scale would be amply large to show every detail represented, and would be more in consonance with the vertical scale of 100-foot contour intervals which is em�ployed. Apparently but a small number of stations were occupied in mapping the country. On one of these sheets in particular, the Anthracite sheet, but one station appears to have been occu�pied in a total area of 65 square miles. The expense of this work, eight dollars per square mile, is double that of work on a scale of 2 miles to the inch on this side of the boundary, with which it may be compared. H. M. W. The follow�ing account of this remarkable journey is condensed from the only official sources available, which are the accounts over Lieutenant Peary’s signature in the New York Sun of October 25 and 31, 1892. Lieutenant Peary’s party of seven wintered at Red cliff, on the shore of McCormick bay, in about 77� 7’ N. 71� W. On April 30, 1892, the advance travelling party left Red cliff, followed May 2 by Lieutenant Peary. Besides the leader, the expedition consisted of Dr Cook, Gibson, Astrup, Matt and seven Eskimo, with three sledges and 20 dogs. Within a few miles the summit of the inland ice was reached at a spot. 2,500 feet above sea level, where a cache camp was established near a ” nunatak ” (the. Eskimo name for a rocky peak rising above the level of the surrounding inland ice). From this point Matt was sent back, owing to a frozen heel. A second ” igloo (snow-house) was built on May 8, but afterward snow-houses were dispensed with as demanding too much time to construct. By May 14, after extremely fatiguing work and double banking they visited Redmi days . By this time 16 out of 20 dogs remained and the disabled sledges were reduced from eight to four, all of one type. The party were individually equipped with a deerskin ” kooletah ” and sleeping bag, a sealskin “timiak,” and seal ” kamiks ” or moccasins. The party crossed the divide of the inland ice between Whale sound and Kane basin at an elevation of 5,000 feet, and thence de�scended toward the basin of Humboldt glacier. The course of travel was toward the northeast, and camp Separation was made 130 miles from McCormick bay. At this point it was decided that Lieutenant Peary should go forward with Astrup, while Dr Cook and Gibson, with a light sledge and two dogs, and rations for twelve days, should return to McCormick bay.